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Terra, a MythSource painting
Roman

Terra

Terra Mater · Tellus Mater · Alma Tellus

01Identity

Terra is invoked as the earth that gives rise to powerful beings and sustains fertility. She is a Roman earth goddess associated with land, crops, abundance, motherhood, and childbirth. Unlike her Greek counterpart Gaia, Terra is identified with Roman tradition and is also known as Terra Mater, Tellus Mater, and Alma Tellus.

Top questions
  • Who is Terra?

    Terra is a Roman deity associated with the earth and land, fertility and abundance, agriculture and crops, motherhood and childbirth.
    Source

    Source

    • Greek Myths & Tales
    • Classical Mythology a to Z
    • Belief and Cult
    • Creation Myths of the World: Parts I-II
    • Essential Visual History of World Mythology
  • What is Terra the god of?

    the earth and land, fertility and abundance, agriculture and crops, motherhood and childbirth
    Source

    Source

    • Greek Myths & Tales
    • Classical Mythology a to Z
    • Belief and Cult
    • Creation Myths of the World: Parts I-II
  • What family links are recorded for Terra?

    Father: Aether, Mother: Dies, Spouse: Caelus, 3 children, 1 sibling.
02Family

Parents above, children below, and the figure’s consorts named in between, the same family data as the fact box, laid out as a chart instead of a field list.

AetherDies
TerraOps

with Caelus

03The names

Terra Mater

Mother Earth

SourceClassical Mythology a to Z

Tellus Mater

Mother Tellus

SourceBelief and Cult

Alma Tellus

Nourishing Earth

SourceEssential Visual History of World Mythology

Tellus

Earth goddess

SourceClassical Mythology a to Z

04The myths

2 myths, each traced to its primary text and corpus sources.

Jupiter imprisoned or defeated Terra's children, and Terra raised twenty-four tall and terrible Giants at Thracian Phlegra. They wore long locks and beards, and their feet ended in serpent tails. They seized rocks and firebrands from the mountain tops and hurled them towards Heaven. The Olympians struggled beneath the assault. In another telling, the Giants piled Mount Pelion upon Mount Ossa to reach Heaven and attack the gods.

Hera foretold that no god could kill the Giants. Only a lion-skinned mortal could destroy them, and he could succeed only if the Giants failed to find a secret herb that made them invulnerable. Jupiter consulted Athena and sent her to warn Heracles. He also ordered Eros, Selene, and Helius to stop shining. Under the weak light of the stars, Jupiter searched the earth for the herb.

The battle raged across the plain of Phlegra. Apollo struck Porphyrion in the left eye, and Heracles shot him in the right. Ephialtes fought Ares and drove him to his knees, before Apollo and Heracles killed him. Eros wounded Porphyrion with an arrow, and the wound turned his anger towards lust. Porphyrion tore Hera's robe, but Jupiter felled him with a thunderbolt. Heracles returned and mortally wounded him with an arrow. Dionysus struck Eurytus with his ivy staff. Hecate singed Clytius with her torches. Hephaestus scalded Mimas with red-hot metal, and Athena crushed Pallas with a stone. Heracles dealt each wounded Giant the final blow. Hestia and Demeter stayed away from the fighting, while the Fates watched.

Jupiter destroyed the remaining Giants with thunderbolts and overturned the mountains they had raised. Terra did not allow her sons to vanish without a trace. She gave life to the blood that soaked the battlefield, and new beings in human form rose from it. They hated the gods and desired savage slaughter.

Also told of Gaia in the Greek tradition.

Terra Leads the Giants Against the Gods, a MythSource painting of the scene

In the modern world

No modern rework confirmed yet.

2 sources· checked 2026-08-19

  1. 1The Greek MythsT1
  2. 2the ancient sourcesT1

    Quote

    Terra raises the Giants to attack Heaven, but the gods and Heracles defeat them, and their blood gives rise to violent human beings.

    the ancient sources

Terra separated from Chaos, and the shapeless mass began to lose its confusion. Before this change, land, sea, and air had remained mixed together. The earth had not been solid, the sea had not flowed, and the air had not been clear. One nature had covered the whole world, formed from clashing things without proper order.

No sun had watched over the formless world. No moon had renewed its horns with borrowed light. Terra had not yet hung in the air, balanced by her own weight, and the sea had not surrounded the earth. Heaven had not yet covered everything above it. Chaos had held these parts together as a huge, disordered heap.

A divine maker then separated the elements and gave each one its proper place. He divided the earth from the sky, and drew the sea away from the land. He placed the air above them and set the heavier earth below. He marked the world with boundaries and arranged its parts with care.

The ordered world took shape. The sea stretched around the land, the air occupied the space above it, and the heavens rose over all. Terra became the firm foundation of this new arrangement. The former confusion gave way to balanced order and a lasting peace.

Terra Emerges from Chaos, a MythSource painting of the scene

In the modern world

No modern rework confirmed yet.

3 sources· checked 2026-08-19

  1. 1The Greek MythsT1
  2. 2Hesiod, TheogonyT1

    Quote

    Earth separates from Chaos as the elements are divided, with land, sea, air and sky taking distinct places in the ordered cosmos.

    Hesiod, Theogony

  3. 3Shakespeare's Ovid, being Arthur Golding's translation of the MetamorphosesT1

The myths across MythSource where Terra features, each on that figure’s page.

The film

The Underdrawing video on Terra embeds here once it publishes.