Anu in Mesopotamian tradition
Anu's authority belongs to the upper heavens, where he is treated as the father of the gods and a figure of divine kingship. The Sumerians called him An, and his cult was especially centred on Uruk, though he was worshipped across the region. Unlike Ouranos, his Greek counterpart, Anu is presented not merely as an ancestral sky-god but as a father figure for the divine assembly.
The quick answers
Who is Anu?
Anu is a Mesopotamian deity associated with the heavens and sky, divine kingship and authority, the assembly of the gods, the granting of earthly kingship, divine decrees and destiny.Source
Source
- The Oxford Companion to World Mythology
- Babylonian mythology
- Babylonian Creation Myths
- Monsters of Greek Mythology, Volume One
What is Anu the god of?
the heavens and sky, divine kingship and authority, the assembly of the gods, the granting of earthly kingship, divine decrees and destinySource
Source
- The Oxford Companion to World Mythology
- Babylonian mythology
- Babylonian Creation Myths
- Monsters of Greek Mythology, Volume One
What family links are recorded for Anu?
Father: Anshar, Mother: Kishar, Spouse: Antu, 13 children, 1 sibling.
Anu’s family, at a glance
Parents above, children below, and the figure’s consorts named in between, the same family data as the fact box, laid out as a chart instead of a field list.
The names Anu answers to
An
Sumerian name meaning Heaven or Sky
SourceThe Oxford Companion to World Mythology
Anum
A variant form of Anu in Akkadian sources
SourceBabylonian Creation Myths
Father of the Gods
Patriarch and progenitor of the divine assembly
SourceBabylonian mythology
King of the Gods
Supreme ruler of the Mesopotamian gods
SourceBabylonian mythology
The myths of Anu
2 myths, each traced to its primary text and corpus sources.
The Separation of Heaven and Earth
Heaven separated from earth, and earth separated from heaven. In former days, in distant former days, Anu and Ki had remained joined. They had formed a solid mass, yet they had remained two. The early days had brought the established order into being and had carefully nurtured it. Bread had been set in the houses of the land, and bread had been baked in the ovens of the land. The ordered world had waited for its division.
Anu carried heaven away. Enlil carried earth away. Ki went apart from Anu, and the divided realms took their places. The heavens held their ordered place, while the earth became the land that Enlil carried away. After heaven had been separated from earth, and earth had been severed from heaven, the name of mankind was established.
In one telling, heaven and earth separated like a pair of sitting ducks taken by different hunters. Each hunter carried one duck away in the opposite direction. The two parts had once rested together, but they had been taken apart and carried away from each other.
In another telling, Enlil performed the separation alone. He cut heaven apart from earth like joined twins divided by an operation. The severing did not follow a battle. Heaven and earth had already stood joined before Enlil divided them. Their separation opened the ordered world, left heaven above earth, and placed mankind within the established order.

In the modern world
No modern rework confirmed yet.
3 sources· checked 2026-08-19
- 1Babylonian Creation MythsT1
- 2the ancient sourcesT1
Quote
“Heaven and earth, once joined, were separated, with Anu taking heaven and Enlil taking earth, after which mankind's place was established.”
the ancient sources
- 3Babylonian Creation MythsT1
The Birth of Anu
Kishar and Anshar brought Anu forth from the line of the ancient gods. They had followed Lahama and Lahma, an earlier pair, while Mummu had stood at the beginning of the divine succession. Anu emerged from this old order and became its ancestral sky god.
Anu then stood before the younger gods who followed him. Enlil came after Anu. Ea followed Enlil, and Bēl came after Ea. Through Anu, the younger deities belonged to a growing divine family. His birth joined the older gods to the younger gods who later gathered in assembly.
When the gods assembled, they fashioned the heavens and brought living creatures into being. They divided the animals of the steppe from the beings of the cities. They ordered the creatures of creation and gave each group its place. Anu remained at the head of the younger divine line as its ancestral sky god.
The order of the gods continued through him. The younger deities followed the line that had begun with the ancient beings, and the divine family grew as each generation came after the last. Anu stood between the old gods who had preceded him and the younger gods who gathered under his line.

In the modern world
No modern rework confirmed yet.
3 sources· checked 2026-08-19
- 1Babylonian Creation MythsT1
- 2the ancient sourcesT1
Quote
“Kishar and Anshar brought Anu forth, after whom came Enlil, Ea and Bēl, and the gods later ordered heaven and living creatures.”
the ancient sources
- 3Babylonian Creation MythsT1
Also appears in
The myths across MythSource where Anu features, each on that figure’s page.
- Aurora Mourns Memnon · on Aurora
- Cronus Imprisons the Cyclopes · on Cronus
- The Birth of Cronus · on Cronus
- The Fall of Cronus · on Cronus
- The Children of Uranus's Blood · on Gaia
- Geb the Cosmic Goose · on Geb
- Inanna and An: The Claiming of Eanna · on Inanna
- Inanna Claims An’s Temple · on Ishtar
- The Birth of the Four Tezcatlipocas · on Tezcatlipoca
- Tiamat’s Battle with Marduk · on Tiamat
- The Blood and Sea-Foam of Uranus · on Uranus
- The Overthrow of Uranus · on Uranus
- Uranus Foretells Cronus's Downfall · on Uranus
1 work catalogued
This is the candidate catalogue for Anu: candidate reworks first, then references, then names used as atmosphere. Nothing here has been checked against a source yet. Only reviewed myth-to-work links are promoted in Overview.
Showing 1 of 1 works.
Book1
- Myths of Crete and Pre-Hellenic EuropeReference
These are catalogue candidates, not proof that every work retells this figure. Reviewed myth-to-work links appear in Overview.
What this page is built from
About this page
Written and maintained by MythSource. Last reviewed not yet recorded. How a page gets built.
2 sources are cited on this page, primary texts and corpus scholarship, listed below.
Cite this page
MythSource. (n.d.). Anu. https://www.mythsource.com/figures/anu
"Anu." MythSource, n.d., www.mythsource.com/figures/anu.
"Anu." MythSource. n.d. https://www.mythsource.com/figures/anu.
The mythology summaries and identity fields on this page are grounded in the primary texts and scholarship above. The appearance table records candidates separately; only reviewed joins are presented as modern reworks in Overview.
The film
The Underdrawing video on Anu embeds here once it publishes.
