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Mesopotamian

Humbaba

The Terrible · The Mighty · Guardian of the Cedar Forest

01Identity

His howl is a flood, his voice is fire, and his breath is death. The texts describe Humbaba as a monster and creature, and as the greatest being after the Storm God. He hears every whisper for a thousand miles. Enlil appointed him to guard the cedars in the Cedar Forest and made him the terror of men. The forest is also called the Country of the Living, a place at the outer bounds of earth and reality.

Humbaba says that he had no mother or father who reared him. He tells Shamash that the god brought him to birth in the land and raised him, while Enlil made him keeper of the forest. Another account calls him a holy protector installed by the gods. In the myths, he guards a sacred forest rather than serving as the central figure of an independent tale. He belongs to the episode of Gilgamesh and Enkidu, who set out against him. He tends the trees and offers timber in exchange for his life, promising to serve Gilgamesh as his lord.

Top questions
  • Who is Humbaba?

    Humbaba is a Mesopotamian being associated with the Cedar Forest, guardianship, terror and dread, mountain wilderness, divine radiance and power.
    Source

    Source

    • Gilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]
    • The Big Book of World Mythology
    • THE EPIC OF GILGAMESH : an English version with an introduction
  • What is Humbaba associated with?

    the Cedar Forest, guardianship, terror and dread, mountain wilderness, divine radiance and power
    Source

    Source

    • Gilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]
    • The Big Book of World Mythology
02The names

Huwawa

The Sumerian form of Humbaba’s name

SourceTHE EPIC OF GILGAMESH : an English version with an introduction

Kumbaba

An alternate spelling or form of Humbaba’s name

SourceGilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]

The Terrible One

A title emphasizing Humbaba’s fearsome nature

SourceGilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]

Guardian of the Cedar Forest

The forest guardian appointed to protect the cedars

SourceGilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]

03Who it is

The myths across MythSource where Humbaba features, each on that figure’s page.

The film

The Underdrawing video on Humbaba embeds here once it publishes.