Humbaba
The Terrible · The Mighty · Guardian of the Cedar Forest
Humbaba in Mesopotamian tradition
His howl is a flood, his voice is fire, and his breath is death. The texts describe Humbaba as a monster and creature, and as the greatest being after the Storm God. He hears every whisper for a thousand miles. Enlil appointed him to guard the cedars in the Cedar Forest and made him the terror of men. The forest is also called the Country of the Living, a place at the outer bounds of earth and reality.
Humbaba says that he had no mother or father who reared him. He tells Shamash that the god brought him to birth in the land and raised him, while Enlil made him keeper of the forest. Another account calls him a holy protector installed by the gods. In the myths, he guards a sacred forest rather than serving as the central figure of an independent tale. He belongs to the episode of Gilgamesh and Enkidu, who set out against him. He tends the trees and offers timber in exchange for his life, promising to serve Gilgamesh as his lord.
The quick answers
Who is Humbaba?
Humbaba is a Mesopotamian being associated with the Cedar Forest, guardianship, terror and dread, mountain wilderness, divine radiance and power.Source
Source
- Gilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]
- The Big Book of World Mythology
- THE EPIC OF GILGAMESH : an English version with an introduction
What is Humbaba associated with?
the Cedar Forest, guardianship, terror and dread, mountain wilderness, divine radiance and powerSource
Source
- Gilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]
- The Big Book of World Mythology
The names Humbaba answers to
Huwawa
The Sumerian form of Humbaba’s name
SourceTHE EPIC OF GILGAMESH : an English version with an introduction
Kumbaba
An alternate spelling or form of Humbaba’s name
SourceGilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]
The Terrible One
A title emphasizing Humbaba’s fearsome nature
SourceGilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]
Guardian of the Cedar Forest
The forest guardian appointed to protect the cedars
SourceGilgamesh. A New Translation of the Ancient Epic (2021) [Retail]
Humbaba, and where the myths place it
Appears in
The myths across MythSource where Humbaba features, each on that figure’s page.
- Gilgamesh and Humbaba in the Cedar Forest · on Gilgamesh
- Gilgamesh and the Huluppu Tree · on Gilgamesh
- Gilgamesh Fails Utnapishtim's Test · on Gilgamesh
- Gilgamesh Meets Siduri and Urshanabi · on Gilgamesh
- The Gods Condemn Enkidu · on Gilgamesh
What this page is built from
About this page
Written and maintained by MythSource. Last reviewed not yet recorded. How a page gets built.
2 sources are cited on this page, primary texts and corpus scholarship, listed below.
Cite this page
MythSource. (n.d.). Humbaba. https://www.mythsource.com/figures/humbaba
"Humbaba." MythSource, n.d., www.mythsource.com/figures/humbaba.
"Humbaba." MythSource. n.d. https://www.mythsource.com/figures/humbaba.
The mythology summaries and identity fields on this page are grounded in the primary texts and scholarship above. The appearance table records candidates separately; only reviewed joins are presented as modern reworks in Overview.
The film
The Underdrawing video on Humbaba embeds here once it publishes.