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Vasus, a MythSource painting
Indian

Vasus

01Identity

A divine cow named Nandini stood beside her calf near Vashishtha’s mountain hermitage. The eight Vasus of heaven saw her while they travelled with their women. One wife wanted the cow for a mortal friend, and the Vasus stole her. Vashishtha discovered the theft and cursed the eight gods to be born as men. The Vasus returned the cow and sought forgiveness, but the rishi could not withdraw his words. He shortened the punishment for seven of them. They would die soon after birth. The eighth Vasu, named Prabhasa in one account and Dyau in another, had a longer punishment because he led the theft or was the chief culprit. The Vasus asked Ganga to become their mother on earth. She agreed and chose King Shantanu as their father. Seven sons were cast into the Ganges soon after birth. The eighth became Bhishma after receiving instruction in Vedic knowledge and warfare.

  • They were eight divine and immortal gods. (The Mahabharata: A Modern Rendering (2 Vols.))
  • They were residents of heaven. (Mahabharata Vol. 1 (Penguin Translated Texts))
  • They were cursed to take human birth. (The Mahabharata: A Modern Rendering (2 Vols.))
Top questions
02Family
VasusParashurama
03The names

eight Vasus

The collective consisted of eight members.

SourceMahabharata: The Greatest Spiritual Epic of All Time

divine vasus

The Vasus were described as divine beings.

SourceMahabharata Vol. 1 (Penguin Translated Texts)

Vasus of heaven

The Vasus were described as belonging to heaven.

SourceThe Mahabharata: A Modern Rendering (2 Vols.)

04The myths

1 myth, with sources recorded for each.

The eight Vasus came to the earth and saw Nandini, the divine cow belonging to the sage Vasistha. They stole her. When Vasistha returned and found the cow missing, he searched for her and used his divine sight to discover the theft. In anger, he cursed all eight Vasus to be born as men.

The Vasus regretted their deed. They returned the cow and begged the sage to forgive them. Vasistha said that his words could not be made false, but he reduced the punishment for seven of them. They would remain in a mother’s womb for nine months and die as soon as they were born. Their release would therefore come quickly.

The eighth Vasu had carried the greater blame. Vasistha ordered him to live a whole human life on earth. That life would be great, but it would be a mortal one. The Vasus then sought a mother who was not human. They asked Ganga to take human form and bear them as her sons.

Ganga agreed. She asked who would be their father. The Vasus named Shantanu, the future son of King Pratipa. Ganga went to earth and became Shantanu’s wife. She made him promise that he would never question or condemn her actions. If he broke that promise, she would leave him.

Ganga gave birth to a son after a year. She carried the child to the river and cast him into its waters. Shantanu was horrified, but he kept silent because of his promise. The same thing happened when six more sons were born. Each of those seven children died soon after birth, and the seven Vasus were released from the curse.

When the eighth son was born, Shantanu stopped Ganga from taking him. She explained the curse and revealed that she had become their mother to fulfil the Vasus’ request. She then left with the child. Ganga raised him and taught him sacred knowledge and warfare. Later, she returned him to Shantanu, and the boy became known as Bhishma.

The Curse and the Birth of Bhishma, a MythSource painting of the scene

8 sources· checked 2026-09-02

  1. 1The Mahabharata: A Modern Rendering (2 Vols.)T1
  2. 2Mahabharata: The Greatest Spiritual Epic of All TimeT1
  3. 3Mahabharata: The Greatest Spiritual Epic of All TimeT1
  4. 4Mahabharata Vol. 1 (Penguin Translated Texts)T1
  5. 5The Mahabharata: A Modern Rendering (2 Vols.)T1
  6. 6Mahabharata: The Greatest Spiritual Epic of All TimeT1
  7. 7Mahabharata Vol. 1 (Penguin Translated Texts)T1
  8. 8Mahabharata Vol. 1 (Penguin Translated Texts)T1

Stories elsewhere on MythSource that mention Vasus, each on that figure’s page.

05Different accounts
›The receipts differed over the identity of the eighth Vasu and the chief offender. One named Prabhasa as the Vasu who seized Nandini. Another named Dyau as the chief culprit.

    The accounts that differ: The Mahabharata: A Modern Rendering (2 Vols.); Mahabharata: The Greatest Spiritual Epic of All Time, Appendix Three.  Bhishma's Heavenly Origin

    From “The Curse and the Birth of Bhishma”

    ›The receipts described the offence differently. One account said that the Vasus stole Vasistha’s cow. Another said that they crossed the sage during his twilight rites and called the act a minor transgression.

      The accounts that differ: Mahabharata Vol. 1 (Penguin Translated Texts)

      From “The Curse and the Birth of Bhishma”

      ›The receipts varied in how they described the seven Vasus’ release. One specified nine months in the womb followed by death at birth. Another stated only that they would be freed quickly.

        The accounts that differ: The Mahabharata: A Modern Rendering (2 Vols.); Mahabharata: The Greatest Spiritual Epic of All Time, Appendix Three.  Bhishma's Heavenly Origin

        From “The Curse and the Birth of Bhishma”